DNA - The twisted ladder
DNA - Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid - is a sequence of nucleotides that stores every person's genetic information.
DNA is found inside the nucleus of every single cells in our bodies. A DNA can be as long as 2m! How could this even happen in a cell which is no bigger than a ()? The answer is, DNA is super coiled up.
DNA can be found in all cells in a living body and it's all the same in every part of the body. DNA is () for every organism. That's why DNA is very often used in Forensic investigation.
Most cells have a nucleus and DNA is stored in the nucleus under a super coiled form called chromosomes in which DNA wrap around a special type of protein called histones.
Inside most cells, there is a nucleus which acts as the control centre of the cell.
The nucleus keeps chromosomes. Each chromosome is the result of the combination of DNA wrapped around a special type of protein called histones. So DNA is found inside the nucleus of every cell in our bodies.
![Picture](/uploads/5/9/5/6/59567625/8440822.jpg?250)
The subunit of DNA is a nucleotide. A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base.
![Picture](/uploads/5/9/5/6/59567625/7944559.png?425)
What about the other half? There is a rule for building a DNA and it's called "complementary base pairing".
Now that phrase may seem overwhelming but the rule actually turns out to be pretty simple, as this:
A goes with T and C goes with G
So a nucleotide with Adenine base can only pair up with another nucleotide which has Thymine base and vise versa. Just like how Apple is on a Tree!
And a nucleotide with Cytosine base can only pair up with another nucleotide which has Guanine base and vise versa. Car has to be in the Garage, right?
So that's how nucleotides sort things out, their base will go and look for its correct partner and the bases will be kept together by a HYDROGEN bond.
#DNA #Gelelectrophoresis #DNAprofiling #DNAextraction
Source: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/molecules/builddna/